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Brazil-U.S. Relations: A Diplomatic Review

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  The relationship between the United States and Brazil is deep and complicated, and there are long-lasting problems that both test and strengthen it. Things have changed a lot and quickly in the background of these problems, though. This is true for issues like crime, climate change, democracy and government, and sustainable development. In all of these cases, both domestic and foreign trends have made the problems worse. If the relationship is to move forward, both people will have to change. But there is also a problem: China and the United States have very different ideas about how the world should work now and in the future. If Brazil wants to move forward with its world goals, it needs to learn more about the current state of geopolitics. In the same way, if Washington wants to have a better relationship with Brazil, it needs to stop trying to get Brazil to join a group of countries that are against China. Instead, Washington should realize that a free Brazil that makes real c
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The Nature of Brazil-U.S. Diplomatic Relations

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  It is hard to understand Brazil without knowing how big it is. This continent-sized country covers more land than the lower 48 states of the United States. In South America, Brazil shares a land border with ten countries. This border is five times longer than the border between the US and Mexico. It has the fifth most people of any country in the world (2,012,000,000). (Just so you know, Indonesia is fourth.) It has a lot of different kinds of natural resources, including the biggest fresh water reserves in the world. There are two-thirds of the world's biggest tropical rainforest, the Amazon, in this country. It has the seventh or eighth largest economy in the world, based on how you do the math. It has the second largest economy in the Western Hemisphere. The income of just the state of Sao Paulo is bigger than Argentina's.  More than one million people live in towns in Brazil than in the United States It sends more farming goods abroad than any other country except the US.
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Exploring the Brazil-U.S. Diplomatic Landscape

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  Science diplomacy happens all over the world. It spread all over the world during the 1970s, a time that historians say was very important for the globalization processes and institutions that are still important today (Ferguson et al. 2011; Hellema 2019; Heymann 2017). More and more newly independent countries are joining the UN, regional geopolitical powers and alliances are forming, and science and technology are playing a bigger role in connecting economies and societies that are far apart. These changes have had a big impact on science diplomacy, as well as on the global economy, pop culture, and geopolitics (Turchetti et al. 2012; Oreskes and Krige 2014; Adamson and Lalli 2021; Krige 2022). Along with commercial, cultural, and economic globalization, this globalization in science policy should be seen as a new trend from the early 1970s.  This kind of method is needed to give a full historical account of how what we call "global science diplomacy" came to be. We look
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Brazil and the U.S.: Navigating Diplomatic Challenges

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  Strategic diplomacy is a fairly new idea in the field of international relations. It was created by Jochen Prantl and Evelyn Goh (2016) and was first used to look at East Asian foreign policy. They wanted to know how states create long-term diplomacy to deal with the very complicated and interconnected international system during times of power shifts, new international events, and strategic surprises. Importantly, strategic diplomacy can be used as both a way to figure out what's wrong and a way to plan policy (Prantl 2022). In 2019, Prantl asked a group of IR experts who study Brazilian foreign policy to look into how useful it would be to apply the idea to Brazil. After that, this was published in 2022 in a special section of the academic magazine Contemporary Politics. In order to practice strategic diplomacy States must keep their strategic goals in check at the system level and be flexible, quick to act, and responsive at the unit level. It also means knowing and analyzing
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Is Brazil Cheaper Than the US? A Cost of Living Comparison

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  Meats, dairy products, produce, bakery products, miscellaneous grocery products, fast food and the average casual restaurant are all gathered for the purpose of calculating the cost of food. The expense of food score is determined by a sample of data obtained from the Relocation Assessor of the ERI Economic Research Institute. A cloud-based Relocation Assessor demo is available for free to provide a more comprehensive food price index. Fuel cost factors, public transportation, and efficiency patterns of public transportation are combined with local data on commuting patterns and city dispersion to calculate the cost of transportation score in relation to a transportation price level index. Additionally, a relative cost of airline travel is incorporated. Estimates for parking expenses during regular business hours are included in major cities where parking is a significant expense. The annual total cost of operating automobile(s) and/or equivalent commuter expense for ten miles is als
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How Alike Are Brazil and the USA in Terms of Social Progress?

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  President Barack Obama has discussed the values that he believes unite the people of the two largest democracies in the hemisphere and those who are working for change worldwide as his two-day visit to Brazil draws to a close. The president and his family visited several significant landmarks in Rio de Janeiro after dedicating the first day of their visit to the development of economic and trade relations between the United States and Brazil. However, one of those sites, a visit to the vast "favela" or slum known as City of God, also underscored a critical message: the inclusion of individuals from all societal strata and races fortifies democracy and accelerates economic advancement and development. Mr. Obama, his wife Michelle, and his daughters observed percussion and martial arts performances, engage in soccer ball kicks with neighborhood children, and pose for photographs. The visit to the location was reflected in Mr. Obama's address at Rio's Municipal Theatre
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Brazil-U.S. Relations: A Geopolitical Evaluation

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  To put this intellectual and political background into context, the article looks at the evolution of Brazilian geopolitical thinking and how it has had direct or indirect effects on so-called strategic matters, or the development of Brazil since the early 2000s. These changes can be summed up in three main categories. In the first place, Costa's (1992) study showed that geopolitics in Brazil was mostly the job of the government, especially the military, for fifty years, from 1930 to 1980. So, it mostly showed the dominant ideas that started to spread in the country at the start of the 1930s, which aimed to make the role of the national government even more important in development projects in general. This is why the geopolitical thought that started at that time and grew over the next few decades was able to shape both the internal structure of the state and its image to the rest of the world in politics, strategy, the economy, and culture. Second, the study mentioned above a
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